Walrus  (Odobenus rosmarus)

Species information

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Glossary

  • By-catch: in the fishing industry, the part of the catch made up of non-target species.
  • Crustaceans: diverse group of arthropods (a phylum of animals with jointed limbs and a hard chitinous exoskeleton) characterised by the possession of two pairs of antennae, one pair of mandibles (parts of the mouthparts used for handling and processing food) and two pairs of maxillae (appendages used in eating, which are located behind the mandibles). Includes crabs, lobsters, shrimps, slaters, woodlice and barnacles.
  • Gestation: the state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth.
  • Invertebrates: animals with no backbone, such as insects, crustaceans, worms, molluscs, spiders, cnidarians (jellyfish, corals, sea anemones), echinoderms, and others.
  • Molluscs: a diverse group of invertebrates, mainly marine, that have one or all of the following; a horny, toothed ribbon in the mouth (the radula), a shell covering the upper surface of the body, and a mantle or mantle cavity with a type of gill. Includes snails, slugs, shellfish, octopuses and squid.
  • Pinnipeds: carnivorous, aquatic mammals belonging to the Pinnipedia, which includes the seals, sea lions and walruses. All have four limbs modified into flippers.
  • Subspecies: a population usually restricted to a geographical area that differs from other populations of the same species, but not to the extent of being classified as a separate species.

References

  1. IUCN Red List (June, 2009)
    http://www.iucnredlist.org/
  2. Kastelein, R. (2002) Walrus. In: Perrin, W.F., Würsig, B. and Thewissen, J.G.M. (Eds) Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. Academic Press, London.
  3. CITES (June, 2009)
    http://www.cites.org/
  4. Jefferson, T.A., Leatherwood, S. and Webber, M.A. (1993) FAO Species Identification Guide. Marine Mammals of the World. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
  5. Burnie, D. (2001) Animal. Dorling Kindersley, London.
  6. Macdonald, D.W. (2006) The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  7. Nowak, R.M. (1999) Walker's Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
  8. Center for Biological Diversity (October, 2009)
    http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2009/pacific-walrus-09-08-2009.html
  9. Taylor, M.F.J., Suckling, K.F. and Rachlinski, J.J. (2005) The effectiveness of the endangered species act: a quantitative analysis. Bioscience, 55(4): 360 - 367.
  10. Clark, J.A., Hoekstra, J.M., Boersma, P.D. and Kareiva, P. (2002) Improving U.S. Endangered Species Act recovery plans: key findings and recommendations of the SCB Recovery Plan Project. Conservation Biology, 16: 1510 - 1519.
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