Occurs in central western Africa. There are two subspecies of the black colobus; the Gabon black colobus (C. s. anthracinus) occurs in Equatorial Guinea, east and south-west Cameroon; south-west Gabon and probably west Congo; the Bioko black colobus (C. s. satanas) is found only on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea (1).
The black colobus inhabits forests in coastal, mountainous and swampy regions (4).