Adder's-tongue spearwort is related to the buttercup, and an alternative name for it is the 'Badgeworth buttercup' (2). The Latin name Ranunculus means 'froglike' and refers to the plant's preference for aquatic habitats. When submerged, the pale greenish-yellow leaves float to the surface like small water-lily leaves (2). The flowers are small and yellow (2). The specific part of the scientific name, ophioglossifolius refers to the fact that the leaves are shaped like the small fern Ophioglossum (4).