Threats
Puffins are occasionally predated upon by great black-backed gulls and great skuas, as well as by rats and other mammalian ground predators (3). The greatest threats, however, are man-made; oil spills and over-fishing are both major potential threats to this endearing species (3).
Conservation
Many of the major colonies of puffins are protected reserves (3). The RSPB and other concerned organisations have been lobbying for greater regulation of fishing in Europe, in order to prevent over-fishing (3).
