Sea otter  (Enhydra lutris)

Authentication

Authenticated (17/10/07) by Dr Jane Watson, Biology Department, Malaspina University-College.

Glossary

Invertebrates: Animals without a backbone.
Polygynous: A pattern of mating in which a male has more than one female partner.
Subspecies: A different race of a species, which is geographically separated from other populations of that species.

References

  1. IUCN Red List (September, 2007)
    http://www.iucnredlist.org
  2. Jefferson, T.A., Leatherwood, S. and Webber, M.A. (1993) FAO species identification guide. Marine mammals of the world. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
  3. CITES (September, 2007)
    http://www.cites.org
  4. Estes, J.A. and Bodkin, J.L. (2002) Otters. In: Perrin, W.F., Wursig, B. and Thewissen, J.G.M. Eds. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. Academic Press, London.
  5. SEA OTTERS: THE CLAM BUSTERS (Wildlife on One) (BBC tx. 16th January, 1995)
  6. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Alaska (September, 2007)
    http://alaska.fws.gov/fisheries/mmm/index.htm
  7. Perrin, W.F. (2002) Geographic Variation. In: Perrin, W.F., Wursig, B. and Thewissen, J.G.M. Eds. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. Academic Press, London.
  8. A SEA OTTER STORY (Nature: Waddlers and Paddlers) (PBS tx. 17th March, 1994)
  9. Kruuk, H. (2006) Otters. In: Macdonald, D.W. Ed. The New Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  10. IUCN Otter Specialist Group (September, 2007)
    http://otterspecialistgroup.org/Species/Enhydra_lutris.html
  11. US Fish and Wildlife Service. (2003) Final Revised Recovery Plan for the Southern Sea Otter. USFWS, Portland, Oregon. Available at:
    http://ecos.fws.gov/speciesProfile/SpeciesReport.do?spcode=A0A7