Reptiles
Contrary to their image as primitive relics of an ancient era, reptiles are still extremely diverse and successful today. Being cold-blooded animals, these scaly-skinned vertebrates require far less food than mammals and birds, and are thus often the dominant animal group in relatively inhospitable habitats such as deserts. Most reptiles reproduce by laying leathery eggs, but a significant number of lizards and snakes give birth to live young. Of the c. 1,670 reptile species that have been evaluated on the IUCN Red List, almost 1 in 3 are threatened with extinction.
Explore ARKive for videos and images of endangered reptiles, and learn about reptile conservation, biology and more in our species fact-files.
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The Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) is the largest lizard in the world, and with its ancient appearance and evocative name, the Komodo... More
42 Images
9 Videos
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The Arabian horned viper is one of three currently recognised species of horned viper, a group which is recognisable for the distinctive... More
7 Images
3 Videos
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This impressive aquatic hunter is the largest of all alligator species, with reports of individuals measuring six metres. The black caiman... More
17 Images
1 Video
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Galapagos marine iguanas are the world’s only marine lizards. They inhabit the Galapagos Islands and, in the absence of mammalian predators... More
79 Images
19 Videos
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The Critically Endangered hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) has been exploited for thousands of years as the sole source of... More
35 Images
10 Videos
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The largest chameleon in the world, Parson’s chameleon belongs to a unique family of lizards exhibiting some bizarre traits. With a large... More
40 Images
5 Videos
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An iconic reptile, the rattle of the western diamondback rattlesnake is one of the most evocative sounds of the arid southern United States... More
31 Images
7 Videos
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The green iguana is one of the best-known reptiles due to its popularity in zoos and with private reptile keepers. It has a very... More
26 Images
6 Videos
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The loggerhead is one of the most widespread of all the marine turtles and also the most highly migratory, with individuals known to cross... More
45 Images
23 Videos
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The radiated tortoise (Astrochelys radiata) of Madagascar is one of the most attractive of all the tortoises. The high-domed, dark carapace... More
23 Images
4 Videos
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One of the largest of all crocodilians, the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) is a supremely adapted aquatic predator, with a... More
66 Images
22 Videos
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The most striking and distinctive features of the short-horned chameleon are its large, ear-like occipital lobes, and the short bony... More
19 Images
1 Video
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The adder (Vipera berus) is an extremely widespread reptile, and is the UK’s only venomous snake. As a result of its venomous bite, the... More
15 Images
9 Videos
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The Aldabra giant tortoise is indeed a giant, with individuals reaching over one metre in length. The thick, domed carapace is dark grey to... More
33 Images
11 Videos
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The sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) is larger than the common lizard, and somewhat stockier. Sand lizards have an attractive pattern of dark... More
32 Images
5 Videos
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The largest reptile in North America, the iconic American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) is considered to be a living fossil, having... More
52 Images
6 Videos
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The longest of the true sea snakes (Hydrophiids), the yellow sea snake (Hydrophis spiralis) has a striking yellow or yellowish-green... More
1 Image
0 videos
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This small freshwater turtle is the most endangered Australian reptile. The flattened carapace appears square from above and varies in... More
14 Images
0 videos
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The sail-fin lizard is notable not only for its impressive size of up to a metre in length, but also for its rather spectacular appearance... More
9 Images
0 videos
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The grass snake (Natrix natrix) is Britain's largest terrestrial reptile. This snake is typically olive-green, brown or greyish in colour... More
38 Images
8 Videos
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The Cuban crocodile is one of the most threatened New World crocodilians (a group that includes alligators, caimans and the gharial). It is... More
20 Images
0 videos
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The largest member of its genus, the Egyptian spiny-tailed lizard is easily recognised by the relatively short and heavily spined tail that... More
14 Images
3 Videos
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One of the largest freshwater turtles in the world, the alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) is a prehistoric-looking species... More
13 Images
3 Videos
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The enormous Galapagos giant tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra) was once so numerous that Spanish explorers of the region named the Galapagos... More
60 Images
24 Videos
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The leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) is the world's largest turtle; the largest recorded individual weighed a massive 916 kilograms... More
37 Images
10 Videos
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Being a legless lizard, the slow worm (Anguis fragilis) is often mistaken for a snake. However, there are certain features that separate the... More
24 Images
4 Videos
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With a length of just 16 centimetres, this enchanting species is relatively small for a chameleon. Body colour varies from inconspicuous... More
24 Images
1 Video
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The longest of all living venomous snakes, the magnificent king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) has been the inspiration for a variety of... More
16 Images
0 videos
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A relatively small to medium sized crocodilian, the spectacled caiman is named for the bony ridge between the front of the eyes, which... More
33 Images
6 Videos
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The Aruba Island rattlesnake is one of the rarest rattlesnakes in the world. Its short and stocky looking body has an overall brown colour... More
11 Images
0 videos
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Africa’s largest snake, the African rock python (Python sebae) has a long, stout body, patterned with blotches that vary in colour between... More
17 Images
6 Videos
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The gharial is one of the largest crocodilians (a group that also includes crocodiles, alligators and caimans) with the narrowest snout of... More
34 Images
11 Videos
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This medium-sized constrictor occurs in two colour variations. Prevalent mainly in the eastern half of the range is the green to... More
23 Images
3 Videos
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The saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) is the largest of all crocodilians, and the largest reptile in the world, with unconfirmed... More
36 Images
11 Videos
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The Fiji banded iguana is a spectacularly beautiful, large, emerald-green lizard named for the highly distinctive, broad, vertical blue to... More
20 Images
5 Videos
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The incredible satanic leaf-tailed gecko is a master of disguise, with a body that superbly mimics a dead leaf. Its twisted body, veined... More
17 Images
0 videos
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The Gila monster is the largest lizard in the United States, and one of the few species of venomous lizard in the world. It has a stocky... More
28 Images
15 Videos
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The olive ridley turtle is the smallest of the marine turtles. The carapace of this turtle is olive coloured and relatively heart-shaped... More
50 Images
11 Videos
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The Philippine crocodile is one of the most endangered freshwater crocodiles. It is small with a relatively broad snout and thick bony... More
14 Images
0 videos
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The viviparous or common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) is extremely variable in colour. Typically, the upperparts of the lizard are brownish... More
28 Images
6 Videos
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The most distinctive feature of the aptly named big-headed turtle (Platysternon megacephalum) is its enormous, triangular head, which is so... More
7 Images
1 Video
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The African spurred tortoise (Geochelone sulcata) is the largest tortoise of the African mainland, and is surpassed in size only by the... More
17 Images
0 videos
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While the anaconda may not hold the title of the worlds’ longest snake—coming second to the reticulated python—its huge girth means that it... More
37 Images
7 Videos
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A unique family of lizards, chameleons exhibit some bizarre traits. With a large, triangular head, conical, independently-moving eyes... More
21 Images
5 Videos
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The Afghan tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii) has a rounded upper shell, known as the carapace, which is almost as broad as it is long. The... More
19 Images
1 Video
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The beaked sea snake (Enhydrina schistosa) gains its common name from the distinctive downturned, beak-like projection on the snout, at... More
6 Images
0 videos
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The Orinoco crocodile is one of the larger crocodilians (a group that also includes alligators, caimans and the gharial), with a relatively... More
26 Images
1 Video
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This non-venomous snake is very rare in the UK, and is superficially similar in appearance to the adder (Vipera berus), but can be... More
23 Images
6 Videos
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This unusual and secretive snake closely resembles the sand boas (subfamily Erycinae), leading to controversy over whether it is in fact a... More
8 Images
0 videos
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The Siamese crocodile is a small, freshwater crocodilian (a group that also includes alligators, caimans and the gharial), with a relatively... More
20 Images
2 Videos