Red helleborine  (Cephalanthera rubra)

Unsuitable habitat management and neglect can lead to problems of shading; predation by slugs may also be a problem at some sites (2).

Management undertaken so far includes scrub control, leaf litter removal, the use of slug pellets, and the removal of some trees to increase the amount of light reaching the ground (2). Hand pollination has been used to try to increase the amount of seed set, and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is researching the germination and propagation of this species in an attempt to establish ex-situ populations from which plants can be taken for reintroductions (2).