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Perch (Perca fluviatilis)
Perch fact file
- Description
- Biology
- Range
- Habitat
- Status
- Threats
- Conservation
- Find out more
- Glossary
- References
- Print factsheet
Perch description
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Actinopterygii |
| Order | Perciformes |
| Family | Percidae |
| Genus | Perca |
The perch (Perca fluviatilis) is a distinctive fish, with a deep greenish body marked with dark vertical bands, and the dorsal fin is stiffened with spines. The tail and anal fins are orange and the gill-covers are tipped with a sharp spine. The erect dorsal fin has a noticeable black spot at the rear.
- Size
- Body length: up to 25 cm
- Weight
- up to 4 kg
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Related species
Perch biology
Perch live in schools, often mixing with other species of fish, usually in the top 50 metres of water. Spawning takes place in April, the very sticky eggs being produced in bands. Females twine these bands around submerged vegetation or among rocks while the males follow her and fertilise the eggs.
The young fish hatch after about three weeks and remain amongst the egg bands until the yolk sac is exhausted. They then venture into more open water and feed on planktonic animals. As they grow they begin to shoal together close to the bank. Males mature when they reach the length of seven to eight centimetres, females when they are ten centimetres.
TopPerch range
The perch is found over most of Europe, except in Spain, Italy or Greece. It is also found across northern Asia and Siberia as far as the Kolyma River. It has been introduced to a number of other countries.
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Species with a similar range
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You can view distribution information for this species at the National Biodiversity Network Gateway. |
Perch habitat
This species prefers slow-moving rivers, deep lakes and ponds where it stays close to patches of vegetation and submerged objects. Perch require well-oxygenated water to survive.
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Species found in a similar habitat
Perch status
The perch is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List (1).
Perch threats
Apart from pollution to their water bodies or rivers, perch do not appear to be a widely threatened species.
TopPerch conservation
In parts of its range, perch are a commercial fish, caught with seine and stake-nets. In the UK, it is mainly a sport fish, much prized for its fighting qualities when hooked. Perch may be caught throughout the coarse angling season (16 June to 14 March). In some of the countries where it has been introduced it is considered a pest species.
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View information on this species at the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre. |
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There may be further information about this species available via the National Biodiversity Network Gateway. |
Authentication
This information is awaiting authentication by a species expert, and will be updated as soon as possible. If you are able to help please contact:
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Glossary
- Planktonic
- Aquatic organisms that drift with water movements; may be either phytoplankton (plants), or zooplankton (animals).
References
-
IUCN Red List (February, 2011)
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
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Image credit
Perch with dorsal fin up
© Brian Bevan / www.ardea.com
Ardea wildlife pets environment
35 Brodrick Road
Wandsworth Common
London
SW17 7DX
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 208 672 2067
Fax: +44 (0) 208 672 8787
ardea@ardea.co.uk
http://www.ardea.com
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