Manta ray (Manta birostris)

Species information

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Threats

Manta rays were traditionally harvested for their oil-rich livers and for their skins, which were used as an abrasive (3); these practices centred on eastern Australia and the Gulf of California (2). The small litter size and yearly intervals between births means that populations are particularly vulnerable to exploitation and in the 1990s fisheries in the Philippines and Mexico decimated local populations (2). These ocean dwellers are also at risk from accidental catch by the fishing industry although the extent of this pressure is unknown (2).

Conservation

Tourism industries have sprung up in areas regularly visited by this graceful giant, which may help to preserve numbers. These practices carry their own risks however; manta rays may be distressed by close contact and can develop lesions on their skin if touched (2). Regulation of this industry will be important in allowing people to safely observe these awe-inspiring fish in the wild.