Ivory gull  (Pagophila eburnea)

The ivory gull has a circumpolar but patchy breeding distribution in Arctic seas. Breeding colonies can be found in Arctic Canada, Greenland, Spitsbergen (Norway), and the northern islands and archipelagos of Russia in the Kara Sea. The distribution of the ivory gull outside of the breeding season is not as well known (3), but large numbers are found in the Labrador Sea along the ice edge of the Davis Strait, and along the ice edge of the Bering Sea (2).

Breeding colonies are situated on inaccessible cliffs, broken icefields, and on low rocks or flat shoreline (2). These breeding sites need to be situated in an area that is relatively safe from terrestrial predators and close to open water (3). Outside of the breeding season, the ivory gull inhabits areas of pack ice or areas of open water surrounded by ice (3).