Baltic bog moss  (Sphagnum balticum)

One of the reasons for the disappearance of this moss from two of the Scottish sites is due to the afforestation of much of these upland bogs. This dates from the time when upland mires and bogs were not considered to be sites worthy of protecting. As well as shading, the moss is affected by changes in the water quality, particularly increased acidity and higher nutrient levels. Drainage of bogs and peat-cutting are also potential threats to this species, along with inappropriate gathering of all sphagnum species by the horticultural trade and by local collectors.

Baltic bog moss is listed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plans (UK BAP), and is included in English Nature's Species Recovery Programme (SRP). The most important tasks behind protecting this moss are as follows: to re-survey those sites where it is known to have occurred in the past; ensure the survival of the moss where it is still found; establish ex-situ colonies (from British plants) to provide specimens for re-colonising suitable sites. It is also important that the precise habitat requirements of this species are known, particularly in view of its intolerance of poor water quality. It is hoped that more bryologists will be trained to identify this species and encouraged to report any new records. Finally, the indiscriminate collecting of sphagnum from the wild for use by the horticulture industry (for use in hanging baskets and displays) should be discouraged, perhaps by using local publicity and information boards at the appropriate sites.