Adder  (Vipera berus)

There is evidence that there was a decline in adder numbers in Britain in the 1960s and 1970s, which was most marked in southern England. In Europe the population has decreased by 25% in the last 25 years, and the species has an unfavourable conservation status (8). Habitat loss is proposed as the major threat facing the species. The open habitats it needs, including heathland, have been lost as a result of scrub encroachment, development, agriculture and afforestation. Remaining habitats are fragmented, causing isolation and problems with movement. A further threat is the persecution of this fascinating species by humans. Despite the legal protection afforded the adder by the Wildlife and Countryside Act, deliberate killings unfortunately still take place (8).

Although this species isn’t threatened with extinction in Britain at present, the long-term survival of all our native amphibians and reptiles remains in the balance (3). Interest in reptiles and amphibians has increased massively in the last 30 years and there are now conservation charities dedicated to these fascinating and often overlooked species, such as the Herpetological Conservation Trust (5). The ecology and habits of the adder are well understood, and effective monitoring is in place. This will enable the status of the population to be tracked carefully, so that any future decline will be apparent and informed conservation action can take place. Although not classified as a priority species under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP), the adder is featured in a number of Local Biodiversity Action Plans. An important proposed action is to educate the public about this species to dispel the fears and prejudice surrounding it and reduce its deliberate persecution (5).